The Covenanters of Scotland, 1638-1690

Name: The Covenanters of Scotland, 1638-1690
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Book Synopsis: The Wars of the Covenant covered the years between 1638 and 1651, when Scotland and England were two independent countries, though both were subject to King Charles I. The cause of the Covenanter movement lay in the attempts of the Stuart Kings to impose Anglicanism on a basically Presbyterian Church of Scotland and to make the Stuart kings head of the Church of Scotland in line with their position in the Church of England.

In 1638 a National Covenant was subscribed to throughout Scotland, which demanded that general assemblies and parliaments be free of royal control. Charles duly raised an army in England to subdue the Scots. After many military skirmishes and battles both in Scotland and in northern England, in 1647 King Charles I surrendered to the Scottish Army, which handed the king over to Oliver Cromwell. King Charles I was executed in London. England became a republic while Scotland chose to remain a kingdom. Charles's son returning from exile in the Netherlands, was crowned at Scone as King: Charles II of Scotland. In response, Cromwell's army invaded Scotland and defeated the Scottish Army of the Covenant in 1650. Thousands of Scots were taken prisoner, and may were transported for sale to the plantations or colonies in America and the West Indies. King Charles II escaped to exile in Holland, where he remained until the Restoration of 1660.

In 1685 King Charles II was succeeded by his brother as King James VII of Scotland and King James II of England and Ireland. King James, however, was a Catholic--something unacceptable to the Protestants of England and of Scotland. In 1689 the Scots Parliament offered the crown to William of Orange and his wife Mary Stuart. This was opposed by followers of King James II, and his Jacobite Army clashed with a government army in 1689. This, and the Battle of the Boyne in Ireland in 1690, ended the rule of the Stuart kings.

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Immerse yourself in the rich history and turbulent times of the Covenanters of Scotland with our captivating book: The Covenanters of Scotland, 1638-1690. Discover the incredible story of Scotland and England, two independent countries under the reign of King Charles I. This historical masterpiece sheds light on the Covenanter movement, born out of the Stuart Kings' attempts to impose Anglicanism on the Presbyterian Church of Scotland. Brace yourself for a gripping tale of rebellion and sacrifice that will leave you craving for more.

Experience the struggles of the Scottish people as they fought for their religious freedom in the face of tyranny. In 1638, a National Covenant united the nation in demanding assemblies and parliaments free from royal interference. King Charles I retaliated by assembling an army, and thus began a series of epic battles on both Scottish and English soil. The crescendo? The surrender and subsequent execution of King Charles I by the Scottish Army, igniting a new era for both countries.

But the story doesn't end there. Witness the rise of Charles II, the son of the fallen king, as he reclaims his throne in a divided Scotland. Cromwell's army, seeking to quell the resurgence, invades and conquers Scotland. The aftermath leaves countless Scots as prisoners, many sent to the plantations and colonies in America and the West Indies. Follow the struggles and triumphs of Charles II as he endures a lengthy exile, eventually leading to the Restoration in 1660.

The drama continues as the throne passes to King James VII of Scotland and King James II of England and Ireland. However, his Catholic faith alienates the Protestant population, leading to a pivotal moment in Scottish history. In 1689, the Scottish Parliament offers the crown to William of Orange and his wife Mary Stuart, triggering a fierce conflict with supporters of King James II. The battles that ensue, including the Battle of the Boyne in Ireland in 1690, forever change the course of the Stuart kings' reign.

Experience the triumphs, sacrifices, and ultimate downfall of the Covenanters with our mesmerizing book, The Covenanters of Scotland, 1638-1690. Uncover the secrets of this captivating period, diving deep into the trials and tribulations faced by the Scottish people. Don't miss this opportunity to immerse yourself in a thrilling narrative that will transport you back in time. Purchase your copy today and join us on this unforgettable journey through history. Click here to buy now!

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