Haile Sellassie I: The Formative Years 1892-1936 (Vol. 1)

Book Synopsis: Always controversial during his lifetime, Haile Sellassie became, after his dethronement in 1974, a political icon to some, a monster to others, and to all a legend. There is no understanding modern Ethiopia without a grasp of the emperor's life. This first volume of a projected three-volume biography describes Haile Sellasie's early training as a member of a cultural and political elite, a conditioning that led him to believe it was normal for the elite (later an oligarchy) to govern and exploit Ethiopia, even if many of its peoples did not benefit from the prevailing order. Once he became emperor, he viewed himself as the embodiment of Ethiopia's proud sovereignty and independence. Haile Sellasie was the architect of the centralized Ethiopian state. He transformed Addis Abeba, his ramshackle capital, into a core city, educated a cadre of "Young Ethiopians"; and developed the central government. He managed his country's political and economic entry into the modern world and in the process made Ethiopia the central actor in Northeast Africa and himself a global figure. Between 1920 and 1935 Ethiopia made important and obvious progress toward modernization which Italy regarded as potentially threatening to its African colonies. Haile Sellasie, ever jealous of his country's sovereignty, redirected trade away from Europe toward Japan and the United States. By doing so he robbed France of a good economic reason to protect Ethiopia from Italy, he alienated Great Britain, and he permitted Rome to contemplate his nation's conquest. By 1934 Ethiopia was without allies and without the means to counter the Italian aggression. The emperor suffered defeat, exile, and despair but he would return in 1941, as a phoenix, to restore the status quo ante.